How is aminophylline metabolized?

Theophylline is metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 microsomal enzyme system, and a large number of factors may influence hepatic metabolism. Theophylline is predominantly metabolized by the CYP1A2 enzyme, while at higher plasma concentrations CYP2E1 is also involved (89).

Where is aminophylline metabolized?

Theophylline metabolism occurs in the liver via the cytochrome CYP450 system. At lower concentration’s it is a substrate of CYP1A2, and at higher concentrations, CYP2E1 may also have involvement.

Is theophylline metabolized before being eliminated from the body?

Overview: Theophylline is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration in solution or immediate-release solid oral dosage form. Theophylline does not undergo any appreciable pre-systemic elimination, distributes freely into fat-free tissues and is extensively metabolized in the liver.

What increases the metabolism of theophylline?

Theophylline is metabolized by the hepatic CYP 450 system, primarily the CYP1A2 isozyme. Factors that enhance theophylline clearance include cigarette smoking, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, and rifampin.

What is difference between aminophylline and theophylline?

Aminophylline is the ethylenediamine salt of theophylline. Theophylline stimulates the CNS, skeletal muscles, and cardiac muscle. It relaxes certain smooth muscles in the bronchi, produces diuresis, and causes an increase in gastric secretion. Aminophylline is the ethylenediamine salt of theophylline.

How does aminophylline cause bronchodilation?

Aminophylline causes bronchodilation, diuresis†, central nervous system and cardiac stimulation, and gastric acid secretion by blocking phosphodiesterase which increases tissue concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) which in turn promotes catecholamine stimulation of lipolysis, glycogenolysis, and …

What type of complex is aminophylline?

Aminophylline is a complex of theophylline and ethylenediamine and is given for its theophylline activity to relax smooth muscle and to relieve bronchial spasm. Aminophylline Injection is indicated for relief of bronchospasm associated with asthma and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Is Aminophylline a bronchodilator?

Aminophylline belongs to a group of medicines known as bronchodilators. Bronchodilators are medicines that relax the muscles in the bronchial tubes (air passages) of the lungs. They relieve cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and troubled breathing by increasing the flow of air through the bronchial tubes.

What enzymes inhibit aminophylline?

Aminophylline is a methylxanthine and derivative of theophylline. Aminophylline relaxes smooth muscles, particularly bronchial muscles. This xanthine most likely exerts its effect by inhibiting cAMP or cGMP phosphodiesterases, thereby increasing levels of the second messenger cAMP or cGMP intracellularly.

How does aminophylline increase heart rate?

Adenosine’s receptors are competitively antagonized by methylxanthines such as aminophylline. Aminophylline competitively antagonizes the cardiac actions of adenosine at the cell surface receptors. Thus, it increases heart rate and contractility.

What is another name for aminophylline?

Theophylline is available under the following different brand names: Theo 24, Theochron, Elixophyllin, aminophylline, and Uniphyl.

Is aminophylline a bronchodilator?