How do utilitarianism and Rawls Contractarianism differ?

The utilitarian position seeks to evaluate consequences, but contractarians are more concerned with process: they are skeptical that people can agree on what is good, and they seek instead agreement on a good process for making public decisions.

What is philosophical utilitarianism according to Scanlon?

View all notes This phenomenon, Scanlon observes, has to do with the intuitive appeal of the meta-ethical (or second-order) foundation of utilitarianism––“philosophical utilitarianism,” which is a philosophical thesis about the subject matter of morality, namely that the only fundamental moral facts are facts about …

Is utilitarianism the same as consequentialism?

Utilitarianism is a consequentialist moral theory focused on maximizing the overall good; the good of others as well as the good of one’s self. One difference, however, is consequentialism does not specify a desired outcome, while utilitarianism specifies good as the desired outcome.

What is the difference between Contractarianism and contractualism?

Under contractarianism, I seek to maximise my own interests in a bargain with others. Under contractualism, I seek to pursue my interests in a way that I can justify to others who have their own interests to pursue.

What is political contractualism?

Contractualism is a term in philosophy which refers either to a family of political theories in the social contract tradition (when used in this sense, the term is an umbrella term for all social contract theories that include contractarianism), or to the ethical theory developed in recent years by T. M.

How does contractualism differ from utilitarianism?

The first difference is one of scope. (1) Utilitarianism applies to every area of morality, while contractualism covers only the realm of what we owe to one another. Scanlon himself acknowledges that this is not the whole of morality.

What is ethical contractualism?

Moral contractualism is the view that the rightness and wrongness of our conduct is somehow to be understood in terms of some kind of actual or counterfactual agreement. Versions of contractualism differ in terms of how they specify the agreements.

Why is utilitarianism a consequentialist theory of ethics?

Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism because it rests on the idea that it is the consequences or results of actions, laws, policies, etc. that determine whether they are good or bad, right or wrong.