How does acute pancreatitis cause hypertriglyceridemia?

Large TG-rich lipoprotein particles, primarily chylomicrons, impede capillary circulation and cause ischemic damage to pancreatic acinar cells. Damaged cells release lipase and other enzymes into the interstitium, leading to TG hydrolysis and free fatty acid release.

Can pancreatitis cause hypertriglyceridemia?

Epidemiology: It is well known that hyperlipidemia is associated with acute pancreatitis, both as a precipitant and as an associated epiphenomenon[1,2]. Hypertriglyceridemia or chylomicronemia may be responsible for 1%-7% of all cases of pancreatitis[3,4].

What is Hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis?

Hypertriglyceridemia is an uncommon but a well-established etiology of acute pancreatitis leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The risk and severity of acute pancreatitis increase with increasing levels of serum triglycerides.

How does high cholesterol cause pancreatitis?

Endothelial dysfunction can be caused by chronic exposure to elevated LDL-c levels in the blood, resulting in chronic inflammation. The chronic release of inflammatory mediators may cause direct damage to pancreatic acinar cells, resulting in the release of pancreatic amylase into the blood.

How does hypertriglyceridemia cause hyponatremia?

One known cause of pseudohyponatremia is extreme elevations in triglycerides in the blood. When lipids replace the water within the serum, a low sodium number will be recorded but will not be accurate. We describe a case of pseudohyponatremia in the setting of severe hypertriglyceridemia.

Can high triglycerides cause EPI?

Acute pancreatitis is frequently traced to excessive alcohol consumption, high triglyceride levels, an abdominal injury, or certain medications, including steroids, antibiotics, and blood pressure medications.

What is pure hypertriglyceridemia?

Primary hypertriglyceridemia, or type 4 hyperlipidemia has high concentration of triglycerides in the blood. It is also known as hypertriglyceridemia (or pure hypertriglyceridemia). Hypertriglyceridemia denotes high (hyper-) blood levels (-emia) of triglycerides, the most abundant fatty molecule in most organisms.

What is hypertriglyceridemia without hypercholesterolemia?

Hypertriglyceridemia occurs in various physiologic conditions and in various diseases, and high triglyceride levels are associated with atherosclerosis, even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels) and predispose to cardiovascular disease.

Can high triglycerides cause seizures?

Extremely high triglyceride levels can lead to seizures and behavioral changes, although these effects are uncommon.

Why does hyperglycemia cause hyponatremia?

Hyperglycemia causes hyperosmolality, and the water moves from intracellular space to extracellular space, which in turn produces a dilutional decrease in serum sodium level. Therefore, hyperglycemic patients are mostly mildly hyponatremic.

What causes hyponatremia in DKA?

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) causes a hyperosmolar state driven by the osmotic force of hyperglycemia in the intravascular space. Dilutional hyponatremia is common due to water driven into the intravascular space from inside cells.