What is the causative agent and mode of transmission of malaria?

What is the causative agent and mode of transmission of malaria?

BACKGROUND. CAUSATIVE AGENTS. Malaria is caused by single-celled protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. Four species infect humans by entering the bloodstream: Plasmodium falciparum, which is the main cause of severe clinical malaria and death; Plasmodium vivax; Plasmodium ovale; and Plasmodium malariae.

What is the transmission host of malaria?

Malaria parasites are transmitted to human hosts by female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. A diverse group of Anopheles (30 to 40 species) serves as vectors of human disease.

How can the spread of malaria be controlled?

The main current measures are focused on reduction of the contact between mosquitoes and humans, the destruction of larvae by environmental management and the use of larvicides or mosquito larvae predators, and destruction of adult mosquitoes by indoor residual spraying and insecticide-treated bed nets.

What are the four causes of malaria?

Malaria can occur if a mosquito infected with the Plasmodium parasite bites you. There are four kinds of malaria parasites that can infect humans: Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and P.

What are modes of transmission?

The term modes of transmission refer to how an infectious agent, also called a pathogen, can be transferred from one person, object, or animal, to another. Viruses, bacteria, parasites, or fungi can spread infectious diseases.

What is a transmission cycle?

This cycle can be simple, with a direct transmission from current to future host, or complex, where transmission occurs through (multiple) intermediate hosts or vectors. This cycle is called the transmission cycle of disease, or transmission cycle.

What is the secondary prevention of malaria?

Secondary prevention strategies cover the full range of personal protection (including chemoprophylaxis and repellants) and behaviour modification measures. disease in order to prevent impairment and subsequent disability or death.