Does moxifloxacin cross blood-brain barrier?

Mean levels between 3 and 4 mg/L were detected in the CSF 2–6 h post-administration. No correlation was detected between serum and CSF levels, probably implying that penetration of moxifloxacin through the blood–brain barrier is performed by a mechanism other than simple diffusion.

Which antibiotics penetrate CSF barrier?

Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime and cefepime have been studied in children and are all able to adequately penetrate the CSF.

Does fluoroquinolones cross blood-brain barrier?

Penetration across the blood–brain barrier for quinolones in general averages 35–50% depending on the specific compound.

Which type of drugs penetrate CNS better?

Several anti-infectives (e.g., isoniazid, pyrazinamide, linezolid, metronidazole, fluconazole, and some fluoroquinolones) reach a CSF-to-serum ratio of the areas under the curves close to 1.0 and, therefore, are extremely valuable for the treatment of CNS infections.

Does cefazolin penetrate CNS?

Cefazolin achieves higher brain tissue concentrations than the penicillins, but has not been clinically evaluated for the therapy of central nervous system infections.

Does doxycycline penetrate CNS?

The drug is eliminated through the hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal tracts. Doxycycline achieves high concentrations in most tissues and fluids and, unlike most tetracyclines, readily penetrates the blood brain barrier and the CSF.

Does rifampin cross blood-brain barrier?

However, rifampicin and ethambutol do not cross the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barriers well [2, 4] , and the dose of none of the first-line anti-TB drugs, including PZA, has been optimized for TBM.

Does cefuroxime cross the blood-brain barrier?

Second-generation cephalosporins (e.g. cefuroxime) have additional activity against some Gram-negative bacteria, such as Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. They are able to penetrate the blood–brain barrier.

Does clindamycin penetrate CSF?

Considering that (i) the plasma NDC concentrations were <0.2 mg/liter in all the patients, (ii) the CSF/plasma concentration ratio for clindamycin averaged 2%, and (iii) NDC is more polar than the parent compound and therefore is expected to penetrate less freely across the blood-brain barrier, the CSF NDC …

Does Levaquin penetrate CSF?

The penetration of levofloxacin averaged 53% for the 7 mg/kg dosage group, 76% for the 10.5 mg/kg group and 68% for the 14 mg/kg group. Our results demonstrate that levofloxacin penetration into the CSF averages 66% for the doses that would be used in clinical practice.

Does clindamycin cross the blood brain barrier?

Clindamycin is not active against aerobic and facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli. Clindamycin can be administrated orally or parenterally and is widely distributed in body fluids, organs and tissues, including bone, but it does not cross the blood–brain barrier.

Does azithromycin cross the blood brain barrier?

(2019) demonstrated that administration of a single dose (i.e., 40 mg/kg, i.p.) of azithromycin yielded blood levels similar to human regimens, whereby brain concentrations persisted for several days after injection and long after blood levels were declined, further supporting previous evidence documenting that …