What are COX-2 selective drugs?
COX-2 Selective (includes Bextra, Celebrex, and Vioxx) and Non-Selective Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
What is selective COX inhibitors?
A selective COX-2 inhibitor used to relieve moderate post-surgical dental pain as a short-term treatment and inflammatory and painful symptoms of various forms of arthritis. Parecoxib. A selective COX-2 inhibitor and NSAID used for the short-term management of perioperative pain.
How would COX-2 inhibitors prevent the development of peptic ulcer?
Thus gastric and intestinal lesions do not develop when COX-1 is inhibited but only when the activity of both COX-1 and COX-2 is suppressed. Selective COX-2 inhibitors delay the healing of experimental gastric ulcers to the same extent as non-COX-2 specific non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Why do COX-2 inhibitors cause thrombosis?
COX-2 inhibition without COX-1 inhibition will therefore preserve the synthesis of the vasoconstrictive thromboxane A2 and inhibit production of the vasodilator prostacyclin, tipping the balance toward vasoconstriction and thrombosis.
How does a COX-2 inhibitor work?
COX-2 inhibitors are NSAIDs that selectively block the COX-2 enzyme and not the COX-1 enzyme. Blocking this enzyme impedes the production of prostaglandins by the COX-2 which is more often the cause the pain and swelling of inflammation and other painful conditions.
Which of the following NSAIDs is a selective COX-2 inhibitor?
Celebrex (celecoxib) is currently the only brand-name selective COX-2 inhibitor available in the United States; there are also generic versions of celecoxib.
What are selective COX-2 inhibitors?
The development of selective COX-2 inhibitors started in early 1990’s with the identification of COX-2 isoenzyme which was found to be responsible for the pathological processes such as inflammation and pain. Thus, it was though that more selective COX-2 inhibitors would have reduced the side effects.
What was the first COX-2 inhibitor to reach market?
Celecoxib and rofecoxib, the first COX-2 inhibitors to reach market, were based on DuP-697. It took less than eight years to develop and market the first COX-2 inhibitor, with Celebrex ( celecoxib) launched in December 1998 and Vioxx ( rofecoxib) launched in May 1999.
What is the mechanism of action of COX inhibitors?
The mechanism underlying the adverse cardiovascular effects associated with the use of COX inhibitors is due to an imbalance between COX-1 derived thrombotic thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in platelets and COX-2 derived vasoprotective prostacyclin (PGI2) in endothelium (36).
Do all NSAIDs inhibit COX-2?
All NSAIDs significantly inhibit COX-2 at therapeutic dose but only few traditional NSAIDs (aspirin and naproxen) are able to show > 95% suppression of the platelet COX-1 at such dose. This explains why selective COX-2 inhibitors as well as traditional NSAIDs show adverse cardiovascular effects (40).