What transmitter causes seizures?

One of the most-studied neurotransmitters that plays a role in epilepsy is GABA, or gamma-aminobutyric acid, which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Research on GABA has led to drugs that alter the amount of this neurotransmitter in the brain or changes how the brain responds to it.

What do vesicular neurotransmitter transporters do?

Vesicular neurotransmitter transporters are responsible for the accumulation of neurotransmitters in synaptic vesicles, and, hence, they are an essential component of chemical transmission (FIGURE 1). Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) pumps H+ into secretory vesicles.

Are vesicular neurotransmitter transporters potential treatment targets for temporal lobe epilepsy?

Here we have reviewed the limited literature available on VNTs and epilepsy and their potential role as treatment targets for TLE. Yet, the only example of a vesicular protein as a target for the treatment of epilepsy is the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A), the binding site of levetiracetam (LEV).

What is neuronal hyperexcitability?

Hyperexcitability, a characteristic feature of epileptogenesis in which the likelihood that neural networks will be activated is increased, may be due to loss of inhibitory neurons, such as GABAergic interneurons, that would normally balance out the excitability of other neurons.

What is the role of GABA?

GABA is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) (1). GABA inhibitory neurotransmission is essential in normal brain function, in neuronal activity, information processing and plasticity, and network synchronization, and in disease.

What transport transports neurotransmitters?

Neurotransmitter transporters are a class of membrane transport proteins that span the cellular membranes of neurons. Their primary function is to carry neurotransmitters across these membranes and to direct their further transport to specific intracellular locations.

Where does reuptake take place?

synapse
Reuptake is the reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by a neurotransmitter transporter located along the plasma membrane of an axon terminal (i.e., the pre-synaptic neuron at a synapse) or glial cell after it has performed its function of transmitting a neural impulse.

What are the types of seizures?

Seizures are classified into two groups. Generalized seizures affect both sides of the brain. Absence seizures, sometimes called petit mal seizures, can cause rapid blinking or a few seconds of staring into space.

What is a simple focal seizure?

Focal seizures are located in just one area of the brain. These seizures are also called partial seizures. Simple focal seizures affect a small part of the brain. These seizures can cause twitching or a change in sensation, such as a strange taste or smell. Complex focal seizures can make a person with epilepsy confused or dazed.

What is the difference between simple and complex seizures?

These seizures are also called partial seizures. Simple focal seizures affect a small part of the brain. These seizures can cause twitching or a change in sensation, such as a strange taste or smell. Complex focal seizures can make a person with epilepsy confused or dazed.

Can a person have more than one type of seizure?

A person with epilepsy can have more than one type of seizure. The signs of a seizure depend on the type of seizure. Sometimes it is hard to tell when a person is having a seizure.