What is a sputum cytology test?
Listen to pronunciation. (SPYOO-tum sy-TAH-loh-jee) Examination under a microscope of cells found in sputum (mucus and other matter brought up from the lungs by coughing). The test checks for abnormal cells, such as lung cancer cells.
What causes Lungscancer?
Smoking is the number one cause of lung cancer. It causes about 90 percent of lung cancer cases. Tobacco smoke contains many chemicals that are known to cause lung cancer. If you still smoke, quitting smoking is the single best thing you can do for your lung health.
What are the warning signs of lung cancer?
Signs and Symptoms of Lung Cancer
- A cough that does not go away or gets worse.
- Coughing up blood or rust-colored sputum (spit or phlegm)
- Chest pain that is often worse with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing.
- Hoarseness.
- Loss of appetite.
- Unexplained weight loss.
- Shortness of breath.
- Feeling tired or weak.
What are the 3 types of non-small cell lung cancer?
There are three main subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including the following:
- Squamous cell carcinoma (25% of lung cancers).
- Adenocarcinoma (40% of lung cancers).
- Large cell carcinoma (10% of lung cancers).
What can sputum test show?
A sputum culture is a test that checks for bacteria or another type of organism that may be causing an infection in your lungs or the airways leading to the lungs. Sputum, also known as phlegm, is a thick type of mucus made in your lungs.
What happens if sputum test is positive?
If they see bacteria in your sputum, the smear test result is positive. For the culture, lab staff put some of your sputum into a special container to grow. If bacteria grow, your culture result is positive.
What is radon gas?
Radon is a radioactive gas that occurs naturally when the uranium in soil and rock breaks down. It is invisible, odourless and tasteless. When radon is released from the ground into the outdoor air, it is diluted and is not a concern. However, in enclosed spaces like homes, it can accumulate to high levels.
What is a lung infection called?
A lung infection can be caused by a virus, bacteria, and sometimes even a fungus. One of the most common types of lung infections is called pneumonia. Pneumonia, which affects the smaller air sacs of the lungs, is most often caused by contagious bacteria, but can also be caused by a virus.
What kind of cough is lung cancer?
The main symptoms of lung cancer include: a cough that doesn’t go away after 2 or 3 weeks. a long-standing cough that gets worse. chest infections that keep coming back.
What are the early warning signs of lung disease?
Common Symptoms
- Breathlessness. Breathlessness is a common symptom of lung disease, however many people put breathlessness down to ageing, being overweight or unfit.
- Persistent cough. Coughing is very common.
- Weight loss.
- Fatigue.
- Wheeze.
- Chest infections.
- Mucus production.
- Coughing up blood.
What is first line treatment for NSCLC?
In advanced NSCLC, chemotherapy is recommended as first-line treatment in patients with good performance status. Treatment objectives are survival, quality of life and symptom control improvement. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy with one of the effective regimens should be used.
Where is NSCLC located?
There are three common types of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Adenocarcinomas are often found in an outer area of the lung. Squamous cell carcinomas are usually found in the center of the lung next to an air tube (bronchus). Large cell carcinomas can occur in any part of the lung.
What is a sputum examination?
The Sputum Examination is a pain-free test conducted to analyse the bacteria or fungi in the lungs that are causing sputum production. It helps in identifying any corollary diseases of sputum production as well.
Can sputum cytology be used to detect lung cancer?
Correspondence to: Dr F B J M Thunnissen Pathology C66, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Weg door Jonkerbos 100, NL-6532 SZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; e.thunnissencwz.nl Conventional sputum cytology can be used for the detection of lung cancer, but has shown a low yield in prospective screening trials.
What does a sputum test show in COPD?
Sputum evaluation is not indicated in the routine diagnosis and care of the COPD patient. In patients with stable disease, sputum examination typically reveals a predominance of macrophages and few bacteria. During exacerbations, the number of organisms on Gram stain typically increases.
What diseases can be diagnosed with a sputum analysis?
Sputum analysis’s diagnostic results involve many different diseases, such as respiratory infections, lung cancers, and non-cancerous lung conditions. Pneumonia is the most common lung infection disease and may relate to potential spreading. Untreated pneumonia may lead to severe complications.
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