What does CD99 positive mean?
Certain types of soft tissue tumor are positive for CD99. CD99 is a membranous protein that is expressed in most cases of Ewing sarcoma (EWS), synovial sarcoma (SS) and low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS), although its involvement in these diseases is unknown.
What does CD99 stain for?
Antibodies to CD99 are used in diagnostic immunohistochemistry to distinguish Ewing’s sarcoma from other tumours of similar histological appearance, as well as for the identification of thymic tumours, and of spindle cell tumours, such as synovial sarcoma, haemangiopericytoma, and meningioma.
What is the MIC2 gene?
MIC2 and XGR are the only known pseudoautosomal genes in man. MIC2 encodes the 12E7 antigen, a human cell-surface molecule of unknown function. XGR regulates, in cis,the expression of the XG and MIC2 genes.
What does Synaptophysin positive mean?
Thus, synaptophysin is a specific and fairly sensitive marker for neuroendocrine tumors of both low and high grades of malignancy. The NF proteins are good markers for pheochromocytoma, and their presence is of basic tumor biologic interest and of potential diagnostic value in other neuroendocrine neoplasms.
What does desmin stain for?
Antibody to desmin reacts with striated (skeletal and cardiac) as well as smooth muscle cells. In skeletal and cardiac muscles, the staining is confined to the Z-bands giving a characteristic striated appearance. Anti-desmin antibody is useful in identification of tumors of myogenic origin.
What tumors are synaptophysin?
Synaptophysin was consistently present in the tumor cells of pheochromocytomas (10/10), thyroid medullary carcinomas (8/8), and pancreatic islet cell tumors (6/6).
What is the function of synaptophysin?
Synaptophysin regulates the kinetics of synaptic vesicle endocytosis in central neurons.
Where is desmin found?
Desmin is found in heart (cardiac) muscle and muscles used for movement (skeletal muscle). Within muscle fibers, desmin proteins are important to help maintain the structure of sarcomeres, which are necessary for muscles to tense (contract).
Is Fibromyxoid sarcoma curable?
A sarcoma is considered stage IV when it has spread to distant parts of the body. Stage IV sarcomas are rarely curable. But some patients may be cured if the main (primary) tumor and all of the areas of cancer spread (metastases) can be removed by surgery. The best success rate is when it has spread only to the lungs.
What is Fibromyxoid?
Background. Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a distinctive slow growing soft tissue neoplasm, mostly affecting young individuals with no gender difference. It usually arises in deep soft tissue of the lower limbs and trunk, but few cases of LGFMS located in pelvis have been reported.
What does CD99 positive Ewing sarcoma mean?
If CD99 is positive, Ewing sarcoma / PNET needs to be confirmed with additional immunohistochemical and adjunctive molecular testing as many other malignant neoplasms, including lymphoblastic leukemias / lymphomas as well as round and spindle cell sarcomas, are usually CD99 positive (Cancer 1991;67:1886)
What is the diagnostic significance of dot-like staining pattern in CD99?
Positivity for CD99 is not specific but its absence rules out Ewing sarcoma in the workup of a small blue round cell tumor Dot-like staining pattern has been reported in several disease entities but has so far not been proven to be diagnostically useful
What is cdcd10 p63 and CD99 expression?
CD10, p63 and CD99 expression in the differential diagnosis of atypical fibroxanthoma, spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma and desmoplastic melanoma J Cutan Pathol. 2010 Jul;37(7):744-50.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2010.01534.x.
Can transcription factor p63 be used in the diagnosis of skin cancer?
Transcription factor p63, a member of the p53 family of proteins, plays an essential role in the development of stratified epithelia such as skin. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive review of p63 expression in different types of skin cancer and discuss its possible use in the diagnosis and prognosis of cutaneous tumours.