How many genes does sorangium Cellulosum have?
cellulosum. The putative carotenoid cluster contains seven genes, several of which have homologs in cartenoid gene sets found in M. xanthus and S.
What is the primary advantage of swarm aggregate formation in Myxobacteria?
They typically travel in swarms (also known as wolf packs), containing many cells kept together by intercellular molecular signals. Individuals benefit from aggregation as it allows accumulation of the extracellular enzymes that are used to digest food; this in turn increases feeding efficiency.
What is the largest prokaryotic genome?
cellulosum So0157-2
cellulosum So0157-2 genome as a circular 14,782,125 bp sequence, making it the largest prokaryotic genome described to date.
What organism has the smallest genome?
Mycoplasma genitalium
Mycoplasma genitalium has the smallest genome of any organism that can be grown in pure culture. It has a minimal metabolism and little genomic redundancy. Consequently, its genome is expected to be a close approximation to the minimal set of genes needed to sustain bacterial life.
What is unusual about the morphology of myxobacteria?
Myxobacteria are Gram-negative unicellular rod shaped bacteria that occur everywhere in soils. They are characterized by an unusual way of life, as they move by gliding or creeping on surfaces. Using exoenzymes they lyse different biological macromolecules as well as whole microorganisms such as bacteria and yeasts.
What are prokaryotic genomes?
The genome of prokaryotic organisms generally is a circular, double-stranded piece of DNA, multiple copies of which may exist at any time. A genophore is the DNA of a prokaryote. It is commonly referred to as a prokaryotic chromosome.
What is prokaryotic genome organization?
Abstract. Most of the well-characterized prokaryotic genomes consist of double-stranded DNA organized as a single circular chromosome 0.6-10 Mb in length and one or more circular plasmid species of 2 kb-1.7 Mb. The past few years, however, have revealed some major variations in genome organization.
What is the largest viral genome?
We recently described Megavirus chilensis, a giant virus isolated off the coast of Chile, also replicating in fresh water acanthamoeba. Its 1,259,197-bp genome encodes 1,120 proteins and is the largest known viral genome.
What is fruiting body in myxobacteria?
Myxobacterial cells are social; they swarm by gliding on surfaces as they feed cooperatively. When they sense starvation, tens of thousands of cells change their movement pattern from outward spreading to inward concentration and form aggregates that become fruiting bodies.
Why is rabbit dung a good source of myxobacteria?
Rabbit dung pellets are natural medium for myxobacteria growth. Fruiting bodies can be induced in a shorter time (within 2–3 days) by sterilized rabbit dung pellets, and most of fruiting bodies are Myxococci that are easy to be purified.
How big is the genome of Sorangium cellulosum?
We report the complete genome sequence of the model Sorangium strain S. cellulosum So ce56, which produces several natural products and has morphological and physiological properties typical of the genus. The circular genome, comprising 13,033,779 base pairs, is the largest bacterial genome sequenced to date.
What can we learn from the genus Sorangium?
The genus Sorangium produces ∼ 50% of all known myxobacterial metabolites. Sequencing of this model Sorangium therefore opens the way to understanding the molecular details of the regulatory processes governing cell differentiation and secondary metabolism in other S. cellulosum strains, as demonstrated recently for chivosazol biosynthesis 38.
How was the genome sequence of Staphylococcus cellulosum so ce56 obtained?
The genome sequence of S. cellulosum So ce56 was obtained by whole genome shotgun sequencing, and the assembly was validated by a complete fosmid map ( Supplementary Fig. 1 online). The main features of the genome sequence are shown in Figure 2 and Table 1.
Which secondary metabolites are synthesized by the genus Sorangium?
[…] The genus Sorangium synthesizes approximately half of the secondary metabolites isolated from myxobacteria, including the anti-cancer metabolite epothilone.