How do thickeners work in mining?

In mining applications, thickening through sedimentation is applied to both the product and tailings streams to recover water. This water is recycled in the process. By adding flocculants and increasing the depth of the solids bed in thickeners, higher degrees of separation can be achieved.

What is thickener in mechanical operation?

A thickener is an equipment structure used for the continuous gravity settling (sedimentation) of solids in suspensions. a mechanism to convey settled solids to a discharge point.

How does a high rate thickener work?

How High-Rate Thickeners Work. High-Rate Thickeners separate liquids from solids using hindered settling. Rotating rake arms collect settled sludge and move it toward the center discharge cone. They use minimal amounts of polymers/chemicals to drop the solids, making High-Rate Thickeners environmentally friendly.

What are the two main types of thickeners?

Here is a list of the most common starch and gum food thickeners.

• Wheat Flour. Wheat flour is the thickening agent to make a roux.
• Cornstarch. The corn endosperm is ground, washed, dried to a fine powder.
• Arrowroot.
• Tapioca Starch.
• Xanthan Gum.

How do I control my thickener?

The control of the thickener must accommodate fluctuations in the process stream. This control is achieved by manipulating both the flocculant addition and the rate of underflow pumping. However fluctuations in ore type cause random changes in the required flocculant dosing.

How many types of thickeners are there?

The thickeners can be classified into two types depending on location of rake driving mechanism. They are known as either Centrally driven or Peripherally driven. Further, under centrally driven type there are two types depending on method of supporting the drive mechanism and the raking arms.

How is thickener diameter calculated?

A = Thickener area in square feet per ton of dry solids thickened in 24 hours. F = Initial density (Parts Water to Solids by weight). D = Final density to which pulp will settle or density at which you want to discharge pulp from thickener. R = Settling rate in feet per hour.

What is thickener used for?

The goal of “thickeners” is to make all liquids, including beverages and soups, a thicker consistency that is less likely to cause aspiration. Thicker liquids travel more slowly down the throat and that makes them easier to control.

What is the purpose of thick it?

Thick-It is a major brand of food and drink thickener. According to the company, the cornstarch-based powder “dissolves instantly in your favorite foods and beverages.” Thick-It is also available as a pre-blended thickened water. Thick-It is designed for people with dysphagia, a medical term for trouble swallowing.

What is a continuous thickener?

Continuous (Dorr-type) thickeners are round settling basins for clarifying suspensions and thickening slurries.

How is thickening through sedimentation used in mining?

In mining applications, thickening through sedimentation is applied to both the product and tailings streams to recover water. This water is recycled in the process. Particle properties affect the degree of separation that can be achieved with sedimentation. Size, shape, surface chemistry, and solids density all influence this process.

How does a thickener work?

How a Thickener Works Thickening or dewatering may be defined as the removal of a portion of the liquid from a pulp or slime made up of a mixture of finely divided solids and liquids. The early methods of thickening employed plain, flat-bottomed tanks into which the pulp was fed until the tank was full.

How do thickeners operate with water recovery below design limits?

Many thickener installations operate with water recovery below design limits largely through conservative control and low prioritization of thickener optimization. The operation of the thickener must accommodate fluctuations – control for disturbances – in the process feed stream to deliver a clear overflow and thickened underflow.

How do you control underflow density in a thickening process?

By controlling flocculation and solids inventory, the thickening process is stabilized and consistent, optimum; underflow density can be achieved through manual optimization. Flocculant dosing should be matched to the mass flow to the thickener with the rate adjusted to suit the ore being processed.