Which statement is the first step of protein synthesis?

  December 20, 2021
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Which statement is the first step of protein synthesis?

What are the key steps in the initiation of translation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, the key steps in the initiation of translation are the association an initiator methionine-tRNA with the small ribosomal subunit. The complex binds the mRNA at the 5′ cap and scans for the AUG start codon.

What are the 9 steps of protein synthesis?

Terms in this set (9)

  • DNA unravels, exposing code.
  • mRNA comes in.
  • transcription (copying genetic code from DNA)
  • mRNA exits nucleus, goes to ribosome.
  • translation (gives message to ribosome)
  • tRNA brings in specific amino acids (anticodons)
  • protein synthesis begins.
  • peptides.

What are the 6 steps of translation and protein synthesis?

Terms in this set (6)

  • Step 1 of Translation. mRNA attaches to the ribosome.
  • Step 2 of Translation. tRNA’s attach to free amino acids in the cytoplasmic “pool” of amino acids.
  • Step 3 of Translation. tRNA carries its specific amino acid to the ribosome.
  • Step 4 of Translation.
  • Step 5 of Translation.
  • Step 6 of Translation.

Which is the first step of translation?

Translation is generally divided into three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination (Figure 7.8). In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes the first step of the initiation stage is the binding of a specific initiator methionyl tRNA and the mRNA to the small ribosomal subunit.

What usually terminates the process of translation?

Translation ends in a process called termination. Termination happens when a stop codon in the mRNA (UAA, UAG, or UGA) enters the A site. Stop codons are recognized by proteins called release factors, which fit neatly into the P site (though they aren’t tRNAs).

Which step of translation does not require energy?

So, the correct answer is ‘Peptidyl transferase reaction’.

What is the process of initiation?

Initiation is the beginning of transcription. It occurs when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. This signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can ”read” the bases in one of the DNA strands. The enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mRNA with a complementary sequence of bases.

What is translation process?

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.

Which steps of translation requires energy?

The first step in elongation is the entry of the next aminoacyl-tRNA (aa2- tRNAaa2), which requires the free energy of GTP hydrolysis. The energy is supplied by the hydrolysis of GTP bound elongation factor 2 (EF2-GTP).

What are the two main parts of protein synthesis?

Protein synthesis can be divided broadly into two phases – transcription and translation. During transcription, a section of DNA encoding a protein, known as a gene, is converted into a template molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA).

What are the 8 steps of protein synthesis?

Terms in this set (8)

  • Eat food- goes down the esophagus.
  • Digestion- hydrolyzed by pepsin.
  • “Un-zips” the dna via HELICASE.
  • Mrna goes into cytoplasm to find Rrna.
  • Translation starts- trna match up with amino acids in right sequence.
  • STOP translation.
  • Protein exits cell via exocytosis.

Is the mRNA sent to the ribosomes when transcription is complete?

After the transcription of DNA to mRNA is complete, translation — or the reading of these mRNAs to make proteins — begins. A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.

What happens to mRNA after translation is completed?

Messenger RNA (mRNA) mediates the transfer of genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis. Once mRNAs enter the cytoplasm, they are translated, stored for later translation, or degraded. All mRNAs are ultimately degraded at a defined rate.

What are the 5 steps of translation?

Translation (Protein Synthesis)

  • Initiation. In this step the small subunit part of the ribosome attaches to the 5′ end of the mRNA strand.
  • Elongation.
  • Termination.

Which best summarizes the process of protein synthesis?

Answer. RNA moves the DNA code to the ribosomes for protein synthesis is the best way to summarize the process of protein synthesis….

What is the correct order of the stages of translation?

The correct order of stages of translation is initiation, elongation and termination.

What are the basic steps of protein synthesis?

Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.

What is the function of GTP in translation?

GTP is used in protein synthesis. During initiation of translation, the GTP is associated with an initiation factor 2 (IF2) and is hydrolyzed upon the assembly of the initiation ribosomal complex. During elongation, GTP facilitates the binding of a new aminoacyl tRNA to the A site of a ribosome.

What are the 3 stages of translation?

Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.

Which step does not occur in translation?

Chain termination; Once the termination codon is reached, release factors and GTP help in this process.

What are the 7 steps of protein synthesis?

Terms in this set (12)

  • DNA unzips in the nucleus.
  • mRNA nucleotides transcribe the complementary DNA message.
  • mRNA leaves nucleus and goes to ribosome.
  • mRNA attaches to ribosome and first codon is read.
  • tRNA brings in proper amino acid from cytoplasm.
  • a second tRNA brings in new amino acid.

What is the difference between translation initiation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic translations are involved in protein synthesis. The key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic translation is that eukaryotic translation and transcription is an asynchronous process whereas prokaryotic translation and transcription is a synchronous process.

What are the 4 steps of translation?

Translation happens in four stages: activation (make ready), initiation (start), elongation (make longer) and termination (stop). These terms describe the growth of the amino acid chain (polypeptide). Amino acids are brought to ribosomes and assembled into proteins.

What is the first step of protein synthesis called?

transcription

Can the same mRNA be used again?

The greater the stability of an mRNA the more protein may be produced from that mRNA. So depending on the type of organism the mRNA is degraded in varying time by various processes in the cytoplasm. So a single strand of mRNA can be reused to transcribe multiple copies of the same protein.

What is the sequence of the following steps in protein synthesis?

It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Translation- is the process during which an mRNA molecule is used to assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains.

What is translation initiation?

Translation initiation is a complex process in which initiator tRNA, 40S, and 60S ribosomal subunits are assembled by eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) into an 80S ribosome at the initiation codon of mRNA. Initiation on a few mRNAs is cap-independent and occurs instead by internal ribosomal entry.

What is the second step of protein synthesis called?

Translation